Urology

Also known as genitourinary surgery, is the branch of medicine that focuses on the surgical and medical diseases of the male and female urinary tract system and the male reproductive organs. The organs under the domain of urology include the kidneys, adrenal glands, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra, and the male reproductive organs (testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate and penis).Urologic surgeons, or urologists, undergo a very rigorous post-graduate surgical training period for a minimum duration of five years, of which 12 months must be completed in general surgery and 36 months must be completed in clinical urology.

The urinary and reproductive tracts are closely linked, and disorders of one often affect the other. Urology combines the management of medical (i.e., non-surgical) conditions such as urinary tract infections and benign prostatic hyperplasia, with the management of surgical conditions such as bladder or prostate cancer, kidney stones, congenital abnormalities, traumatic injury, and stress incontinence..Urology is closely related to (and urologists often collaborate with the practitioners of) the medical fields of oncology, nephrology, gynaecology, andrology, pediatric surgery, colorectal surgery, gastroenterology, and endocrinology.

Urologic examinations:

• Ultrasound
• Direct Radiography, Pyelogram, Urethrogram
• Computed Tomography (CT)
• Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (RMN or MRI)
• Uroflowmetry
• Urodynamic
• Scintigraphy

 Intervention in the urinary apparatus

• Uro-oncology
• Pediatric Urology
• Female Urology
• Reconstructive Urology and trauma
• Endoscopic Urologic
• Percutaneous nephrolithotomy or nephrolithotripsy
• Laparoscopic Urology
• Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL)
• Transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy

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